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Huruwful Jarr: Prepositions
August 5, 2006 on 5:28 pm | In Arabic, Arabic Grammar| By Ilm Seeker
In English, we have words like "from", "to", "with", etc. These are called prepositions. They exist in Arabic, too--"huruful jaar" (حُرُوقُ الجَرّ).
Huruwful jarr modify the words immediately after them, which are called "majruwr" (مَجرُور).
In Arabic Grammar, majurwr words always take kasra (either single or double).
(The one exception is feminine names, which take fatha.)
So for example, if we have a book (kitaabun), then we add the preposition with (bi), it becomes "bi kitaabin" (بِ كِتَابٍ). Or if we have the car (as-sayaaratu), and we add the preposition on (3ala), it becomes "3ala sayaarati" (عَلَى سَيَارَةِ).
Wallahu 'alim. There are only about 17 huruwful jarr, so memorize them inshaAllah. May Allah give us a persistant understanding of this simple but crucial element of Arabic Grammar, ameen!
fiy (فِي): in
ila (إلَ): to (eg. travel to)
3ala (عَلَى): on (top of)
min (مِن): from
li (لِ): for (eg. for you)
ma3a (مَعَ): with
bi (بِ): at/in/with
7atta (حَتَّ): until
munthu (مُنذُ): since
3an (عَن): about
ka (كَ): like/as
[1] Faynan, Rafi' El-Imad. The Essential Arabic: a Learner's Practical Guide. New Delhi: Goodword Books, 2004. 23-24.
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As salamu alaikum,
I just found this web site. Please keep up the good work, Masha’Allah!
Jazak allah al khair
Comment by Jeremiah — October 31, 2006 #
MashaAllah good work! Just to add to the section youve put on huruuf jarr - its always an ism/ noun that takes the effect of huruf jarr i.e. the kasra at the end. A verb or a harf/particle never does.
wassalam
Comment by Taimiyyah — November 14, 2006 #